Description
Technical Parameters
Functions of Railway Turnout Components
| Component | Primary Function | Secondary Function |
|---|---|---|
| Switch Rails | Divert trains from main track to diverging track | Maintain smooth wheel transition |
| (Point Blade + Stock Rail) | ||
| Frog (Crossing) | Allow wheels to pass through intersecting rails | Minimize impact forces with optimized geometry |
| Guard Rails | Prevent wheel flanges from taking wrong path at frog | Reduce lateral forces on crossing nose |
| Slide Chairs | Provide sliding surface for switch rail movement | Reduce friction during blade operation |
| Tie Bars | Mechanically link switch rails to ensure synchronized movement | Maintain gauge width during operation |
| Point Machine | Electrically/hydraulically actuate switch rail movement | Provide detection feedback to signaling systems |
| Crossing Fillers | Support wheel treads during frog transition | Prevent ballast contamination in critical zo |
Material Specifications
| Component | Material Grade | Hardness (HBW) | Lifespan (MGT*) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Point Blades | 60E1/ASTM 1085 | 320-380 | 300-500 |
| Frog (Crossing) | Mn13 (ASTM A128) | 200-220 (work-hardened to 500+) | 200-400 |
| Slide Plates | Nylon/POM | N/A | 100-150 |
*MGT = Million Gross Tons passed
International Standards
| Region | Turnout Standard | Frog Standard | Testing Requirements |
|---|---|---|---|
| Europe | EN 13232 | EN 15689 (Mn steel) | DIN 45673 (Dynamic load test) |
| China | TB/T 4127 | TB/T 3109 (Bainitic steel) | Q/CR 563 (Fatigue test) |
| North America | AREMA Ch.5 | ASTM A128 (Mn steel) | AREMA Ch.30 (Field stress test) |
| Japan | JIS E1106 | JIS G5131 (SCMn steel) | JIS Z 2243 (Impact test) |
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