Fishplate vs. Welded Joints
| Comparison Item | Fishplate Joint | Welded Joint |
|---|---|---|
| Strength | 70-80% of rail strength | 100% rail strength |
| Maintenance | Requires periodic bolt tightening | Near maintenance-free |
| Speed Limit | ≤160 km/h | 350 km/h+ |
| Emergency Repair | Quick replacement (30 min/joint) | Requires cutting/rewelding (4+ hrs) |
Functions of Railway Fishplates (Joint Bars)
| Functional Aspect | Key Role | Technical Principle |
|---|---|---|
| Rail Connection | Mechanically joins rail ends, transmitting longitudinal forces (traction/braking) | Frictional clamping via bolt preload (400-500 N·m) |
| Gap Control | Maintains rail gap (4-6mm) to reduce wheel impact | Tight contact with rail web restricts displacement |
| Electrical Continuity | Conducts track circuit signals (non-insulated: resistance ≤0.1Ω) | Metal-to-metal contact surfaces |
| Stress Distribution | Reduces localized stress at rail ends (prevents head checks) | Load dispersion across joint area |
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