Railway Steel Rail Specification Table
| Feature / Aspect | Description & Function |
|---|---|
| Primary Function | To provide a continuous, level, and sturdy surface for train wheels to roll upon. It guides the wheels, supports the immense weight of the train, and transmits the load to the sleepers and ballast. |
| Profile Sections | 1. Head: Wider top section that makes contact with the wheel flange. 2. Web: Vertical section that provides height and stiffness. 3. Foot: Base that provides a stable platform for fastening to sleepers. |
| Material | Carbon Manganese Steel. Typically 1080 or 1100 grade steel. High carbon content for hardness and wear resistance. Manganese for strength and toughness. |
| Manufacturing Process | 1. Hot Rolling: The standard process for most rails. 2. Heat Treatment: After rolling, rails can be heat-treated (quenched and tempered) to enhance hardness and strength. |
Key Concepts:
Axle Load: The total weight supported by one axle. Higher axle loads require heavier, stronger rails.
Wear: Occurs primarily on the head, especially on curves. Head-Hardened (HH) rails are used in high-wear areas.
Corrosion: Rails in coastal or humid environments may require Corrosion-Resistant Steel (often with Copper alloying).
Internal Defects: Modern rails are meticulously inspected using Ulasonic Testing (UT) to find internal flaws before installation.
End Hardening: The ends of rails can be specially hardened to resist battering at joints, even in otherwise non-hardened rails.
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