Rail SKL Spike Fastening System
The SKL Clip (Spannklemme) is a high-performance omega-shaped (Ω) tension clamp engineered to provide elastic rail restraint within Vossloh-type fastening systems, characterized by its ability to maintain calibrated clamping force through controlled bending and torsional deflection of its spring steel arms . Manufactured from premium micro-alloyed spring steel grades including 60Si2CrA, 60Si2MnA, 38Si7, and 55Si7, these clips achieve through-hardness of 42–47 HRC and tensile strength exceeding 1,100 MPa yield through precision oil quenching and tempering at 420–480°C .
Technical Specifications:
| Parameter | SKL1 | SKL3 | SKL12 | SKL14 | SKL15 | SKL18 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diameter | 13 mm | 13 mm | 13 mm | 13 mm | 15 mm | 18 mm |
| Weight per Piece | 0.48–0.49 kg | 0.53 kg | 0.53 kg | 0.505–0.534 kg | ~0.65 kg | ~0.78 kg |
| Material Grade | 60Si2MnA/60Si2CrA | 60Si2CrA | 38Si7 | 60Si2MnA/55Si2Mn | 60Si2CrA | 60Si2CrA |
| Hardness (HRC) | 42–47 | 42–47 | 42–47 | 42–47 | 44–48 | 44–48 |
| Clamping Force (Toe Load) | 8–10 kN | 10–12 kN | 9–11 kN | 10–12 kN | 15±1 kN | 16–18 kN |
| Fatigue Life | 5 Million Cycles | 5 Million Cycles | 5 Million Cycles | 5 Million Cycles | 5 Million Cycles | 5 Million Cycles |
Installation & Maintenance Perspective:
- Central Loop Overturning Stop: The mid-loop of the clip (characteristic of SKL15 and later models) is mounted over the rail foot, providing additional flexibility while eliminating the possibility of clip arm overloading-this integrated safety mechanism contacts the rail only during extreme events, preventing plastic deformation and rail rotation .
- Multi-Axial Load Accommodation: The symmetrical omega design simultaneously handles vertical clamping forces (8–18 kN), lateral thrust loads (50 kN per fastening point), and longitudinal creep resistance through combined bending and torsional deflection modes .
Maintenance & Operational Perspective
- Removable Dowel Specification: Premium SKL systems offer replaceable concrete dowel inserts that can be extracted and replaced if damaged from high-frequency use over time-this limits maintenance costs to affected components rather than requiring complete sleeper replacement .
- Clamping Force Variability: By simply reducing or increasing the installation torque of the screw within specified limits, longitudinal restraint can be modified for specific track areas requiring different clamping characteristics-typically 150–250 Nm for standard applications .
- Stiffness Tunability: By changing the rail pad, complete assembly stiffness can be modified between 50 kN/mm and 500 kN/mm, enabling the same SKL clip to serve vibration-sensitive urban sections (soft pads) and rigid heavy-haul corridors (stiff pads) .
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