Description
Technical Parameters
Railway Dog Spikes
Dog spikes are driven in a specific pattern relative to the rail and baseplate.
| Component Role | Function & Positioning |
|---|---|
| Baseplate (Tie Plate) | A steel plate placed between the rail and the sleeper. It distributes the load and holds the rail at the correct cant. The baseplate has spike holes in its shoulders. |
| Line Spike | The spike(s) driven through the hole on the field side (the side away from the track center). Its primary job is to fix the baseplate's position on the sleeper. |
| Hold Spike / Gauge Spike | The spike(s) driven through the hole on the gauge side (the side facing the track center). This spike is critical for maintaining the correct rail gauge by resisting the inward push of the rail. |
| Standard Pattern | Typically, two spikes per baseplate: one on the gauge side and one on the field side. On curves or heavy-haul lines, a four-spike pattern (two on each side) may be used. |
Comparison with Alternative Fastenings
| Fastening Type | Description | Key Difference from Dog Spike |
|---|---|---|
| Dog Spike | A simple nail-like fastener for wood sleepers. | The baseline technology. Relies on crushing wood fibers for grip. |
| Screw Spike | A large, heavy-duty screw threaded into the sleeper. | Provides significantly higher pull-out resistance. More expensive and slower to install. |
| Elastic Fastener (e.g., Pandrol® clip) | A spring-steel clip that applies a consistent clamping force. | Used with concrete sleepers. Provides superior elasticity, allowing the rail to expand/cont |
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